The genetic and molecular regulation of sleep: from fruit flies to humans. The circadian clock mutation alters sleep homeostasis in the mouse. Misuse of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs in the UK. Clinical practice guideline for the pharmacologic treatment of chronic insomnia in adults: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline. nonpharmacologic versus pharmacologic treatment of adult patients with major depressive disorder: a clinical practice guideline from the american college of physicians. Clinical guidelines committee of the american college of physicians. European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. Sleep duration and sleep quality in relation to 12-year cardiovascular disease incidence: the MORGEN study. Evidence was found for a possible causal link between insomnia symptoms and coronary artery disease, depressive symptoms, and subjective well-being. Evidence of shared genetic factors was found between frequent insomnia symptoms and restless legs syndrome, aging, and cardiometabolic, behavioral, psychiatric, and reproductive traits.

Our results suggest enrichment of genes involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and of genes expressed in multiple brain regions, skeletal muscle, and adrenal glands. Here we identified 57 loci for self-reported insomnia symptoms in the UK Biobank (nвЂ‰=вЂ‰453,379) and confirmed their effects on self-reported insomnia symptoms in the HUNT Study (nвЂ‰=вЂ‰14,923 cases and 47,610 controls), physician-diagnosed insomnia in the Partners Biobank (nвЂ‰=вЂ‰2,217 cases and 14,240 controls), and accelerometer-derived measures of sleep efficiency and sleep duration in the UK Biobank (nвЂ‰=вЂ‰83,726). The underlying pathophysiological processes and causal relationships of insomnia with disease are poorly understood. Insomnia is a common disorder linked with adverse long-term medical and psychiatric outcomes.

Nature Genetics volumeВ 51, pages 387вЂ“393 ( 2019) Cite this article Biological and clinical insights from genetics of insomnia symptoms

Symptoms of insomnia